The Northumbria discussion pointed towards a more useful model of widening participation: one rooted in place, connected to employers, open to adults as well as school leavers, and willing to value multiple forms of higher learning.

HE providers can improve productivity, quality, and efficiency through integrating technical and academic pedagogies within a constructively aligned curriculum

Burnham at No 10 could mean a devolved, growth-tied skills policy. The ultimate test is whether this reform expands to lifelong adult learning.